Delivery strategies and human routes of administration: a review

Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

One significant non-invasive method for delivering medicinal drugs both locally and systemically is the vaginal route. The vaginal route provides improved bioavailability for numerous medications due to its abundant vascularization, broad absorptive surface, and avoidance of first-pass metabolism. It is frequently used to treat hormone control, infections, contraception, and reproductive health. While sophisticated methods including mucoadhesive formulations, vaginal rings, nanoparticles, and in-situ gelling systems offer better retention, controlled release, and patient compliance, conventional dose forms include creams, gels, suppositories, and pills. While this approach has benefits including sustained delivery, ease of administration, and few systemic side effects, it also has drawbacks, such as absorption fluctuation becauseto hormonal and menstrual cycle fluctuations, leakage or messiness in semi-solid formulations, and possible excipient irritation. Therapeutic results may also be impacted by limitations in patient acceptance and dosage volume. Vaginal pH, epithelium thickness, microbiota, medication qualities, and formulation features are all factors that affect vaginal absorption. All things considered, vaginal medication delivery is still a flexible and developing discipline, with new technologies improving comfort, efficiency, and targeting for a variety of systemic and gynecological treatments.

Role of Nutraceuticals in health and disease prevention: A Review Article

Vikash Kumar, Ashok Kumar, Esha Vatsa, Nidhi Chaudhary, Krati, Amandeep Singh — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Nutraceuticals can offer health benefits beyond simple diet; they have become an important part of contemporary preventative healthcare. These bioactive substances, which come from natural food sources including plants, animals, and microbes, are crucial for controlling physiological processes and lowering the chance of developing chronic illnesses. According to current scientific knowledge, nutraceuticals affect health through a number of processes, such as immunological boosting, metabolic regulation, anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant activity, and gut microbiome manipulation. Together, these efforts help prevent and treat serious illnesses like diabetes, metabolic syndrome, heart disease, gastrointestinal problems, cancer, obesity, and neurological disorders. All things considered, nutraceuticals are a promising and quickly developing sector that connects nutrition and medicine, providing fresh chances to advance tailored nutrition, prevent disease, and promote health.

International Journal of Health and Clinical Research

Delivery strategies and human routes of administration: a review

Role of Nutraceuticals in health and disease prevention: A Review Article