Clinicopathological Study of Dysphagia and its Management in Tertiary Health Centre

Abstract

Observational study carried out on 100 patients, presented with complaints of dysphagia, in surgery OPD and allied hospitals and admitted for further management in the ward. Complete detailed history clinical examination with endoscopy was performed. As the dysphagia is assumed to be malignancy unless proven otherwise, hence each and every patient was evaluated and diagnosis were made on the basis of clinical evaluation, endoscopic findings and histopathological findings and management was done accordingly being conservative, palliative, endoscopic and major surgery, open laproscopic and minimal invasive techniques were planned and proceeded. Our study comes up with following results. Among 100 patients 73% were smokers, 23 % were alcoholics and 17% were tobacco chewer. 7, 7&1 % were incidence of upper, middle and lower oesophageal malignancy. Among 100 patients 15% had ca oesophagus, 42% had inflammatory pathology of oesophagitis duodenitis gastritis, 5% patients had baretts oesophagus, ulcerations webs, 11% had dysphagia only without any pathology 4% had no findings in endoscopy, 11% had hiatus hernia lipoma, diverticulum, oesophageal varices and 12% suffering from extraluminal compression from outside. On the basis of diagnosis the treatment underwent was 65% conservative, 7% underwent exploratory laprotomy and abdominal surgery, 14% required esophageal surgery involves Ivor lewis and transhiatal oesophagectomy, 7% treated by endoscopic measures and palliative treatment e malignancy.

Hence, the result strongly suggests the relation of dysphagia and habits of tobacco chewing, alcohol and smoking and early diagnosis of the disease and diagnosis of premalignat lesion and management can prevent the esophageal cancer.

Keywords: carcinoma esophagus, Dysphagia, Oesophagectomy, Endoscopy.