Minimally invasive, endoscopic assisted, parathyroidectomy

Abstract

Background:Cervical cancer and various other lesions leading to the development of cervical cancer including SIL (squamous intraepithelial lesion) have been seen to be associated with the Human Papillomavirus. Various previous literature and laboratory works have confirmed the association of HPV with cervical cancer. DNA of the Human Papilloma Virus is seen in approximately 96% of the detected cervical cancers Objectives: The present study depicts the results of the study conducted using HPV DNA for the detection of cervical cancer in a female population.Materials and methods: The present study depicts the results of the study conducted using HPV DNA for the detection of cervical cancer in a female population. The females were recalled after 7 days of the initial examination. Specific focus was kept on HPV 18, 16, 33, 31, 35, 51, 45, 56, and 52. The results were depicted as either positive or negative. Detailed history regarding pregnancies, abortions, and live births were taken from all the included 96 subjects. The data collected were subjected to statistical evaluation and the results were formulated. Results:96 study subjects a total of 229 deliveries were seen. In 229 deliveries 53 births were cesarean (23.14%) and 176 were normal deliveries (76.85%). In maternity-related outcomes, 48.95% of subjects admitted that they suffered anxiety during their delivery (n=47), whereas, 39.58% of subjects had anemia (n=38). In infant-related outcomes, out of a total of 96 deliveries, 6.11% of subjects had pre-term births (n=14). Live births were 72.48% (n=166) and 21.39% were fetal death (n=49). Also, a total of 40 abortions were reported in 96 subjects. Concerning the results of the HPV DNA analysis, the positive results were reported in only one female of 50 years and the subject was a post-menopausal female. The subject got married at the age of 30 years. Conclusion: The present clinical study concludes that HPV DNA although is a rare entity but has life-threatening effects on females, and hence comprehensive evaluation and testing of females for cervical cancer should be done with the tests providing rapid and reliable results to allow early detection and treatment.