A Study on Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Diabetes in Eluru- A Dual Burden

Abstract

Background: The Tuberculosis-Diabetes mellitus(TB-DM) co-morbidity is one of the rising public health problem and the studies in this part of country on TB-DM co-morbidities are lesser. We need more evidence base for the management of the dual burden of TB and Diabetes Mellitus.Aim & Objective: To know the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methodology: This was a community based cross sectional study carried out in the tuberculosis unit (TU) area of Eluru, Andhra Pradesh. This study was conducted from 1st June 2018 to November 31 st, 2018.Results: In the present study, the overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus among pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be 31%. Highest (35.7%) prevalence of diabetes Mellitus was noticed in 18-30 years of age group. There was statistically significant association was found between male sex and diabetes mellitus among pulmonary tuberculosis patients (p <0.05). The association between marital status and diabetes mellitus among pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). There was statistically significant association was found between high socio economic status and diabetes mellitus among pulmonary tuberculosis patients (p <0.05). The association between residential status, tobacco intake, type of smoking and duration of smoking, housing condition and diabetes mellitus among pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001, P<0.0001).Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among pulmonary tuberculosis was high among chewers who are chewing for more than 20 yrs (66.7%).The association between physical activity, duration of exercise and diabetes among pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05, P< 0.02).The association between amount of BMI status and diabetes among pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Increasing BMI increases the Diabetes among pulmonary TB patients.The association between hypertension status and diabetes among pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be statistically significant (p<0.01).Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among pulmonary tuberculosis was high among the patients who are smear positive 32.0 % and low among the smear negative patients 28.9%.Conclusion:Prevalence of Diabetes mellitus among pulmonary Tuberculosis patients was high and also observed high prevalence among bad life style modifications adopting individuals.