A Prospective Clinical Analysis of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage of Unknown Etiology in a Secondary Referral Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) accounts for 15 per lakh population. In 1985, SAH was identified as the pattern of haemorrhage anterior to the midbrain without intraparenchymal or intra ventricular extension without any bleeding on digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and a benign clinical condition. SAH is usually caused by the rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. But only 13 % was found to be negative for any intracranial aneurysms. Such patients with angiography negative SAH have lower risk of rebleeding and their blood distribution is termed as perimesencephalic or Prepontine.Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical course and outcome in patients with SAH.Materials and Methods: Quantitative research approach was used to assess the Clinical Analysis of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage of Unknown Origin (SAHUE) at Telangana hospitals, Khammam. Purposive sampling technique was used to select samples. During the study period, 55 samples were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Totally, we identified 55 cases of spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage during the study period. All the cases of subarachnoid haemorrhage were identified by CT and clinical evaluation of the patients. The mean age of the 55 patients was 27.5±1.3 (25 men and 30 women). 47 patients had Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) between 13-14 both after admission and on discharge. Original CT films that were used to measure the volume of subarachnoid, intraventricular, and intraparenchymalhaemorrhage were available for all the 55 patients included in this study. The patient results have been tabulated and the factors studied have been analysed. Results of radiological assessment of haematoma showed that majority of them had local haematoma, and other members had hypertension as reason of haematoma.Conclusion: Each patient with subarachnoid haemorrhage should be monitored as an individual case and to prevent death it is important to identify patients to reduce the aneurysms and modify the risk factors associated with it.