Cutaneous adverse drug reactions: A three years tertiary care hospital based retrospective study

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous drug reactions(CADRs) are the commonest manifestation of adverse drug reactions. They may manifest in a wide range of clinical patterns. They may either be confined only to skin or may be a part of multisystemic disorder.Aims: To study the demographic profile of patients with CADRs, to study type of CADRs and identify the offending drugs.Methodology: It was a retrospective tertiary care hospital based study. Retrospective analysis of data of patients admitted with a diagnosis of ‘cutaneous adverse drug reaction’ between October 2016 to September 2019 was done.Results: Records of 205 patients were analyzed. Male: female ratio was 1:0.69. Most common age group 21-40 years accounting for 78 Pts (38%).Period of latency ranged from <2 hrs to 150 days (mean 24.10 ± 26.14). Co morbidities included Diabetes mellitus - 18 (8.78%),Chronic kidney disease - 3 (1.46%), Malignancy - 3 (1.46%) and HIV - 2 (1%). Risk factors observed werePoly-pharmacy - 69 (33.65%, Smoking - 51 (24.87%) and alcohol intake - 48 (23.41%). Most common drug rash was fixed drug eruption and most common drug group implicated was antimicrobials.Conclusion: A wide range of morphological patterns was observed. The results were in concordance with other studies.