A Study on evaluation of Pancytopenia in a Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Background: Pancytopenia is not a single disease entity,but it is a triad of findings that may result from a number of disease processes-primarily or secondarily involving the bone marrow. The presenting symptoms are usually attributable to anemia, leucopenia and/or thrombocytopenia.Aim of the study: To study clinical, hematological and biochemical profile of patients with pancytopenia.Materials and Methods:This was a prospective cross-sectional study done in the department of General Medicine for a duration of six months at Maheshwara Medical College, Patancheru, Telangana.Results: A total of 60 cases were studied. The patient age range was 18 years to 70 years and the male to female ratio was 1:1.06. In this study, vitamin B12 deficiency anemia was the most common disorder diagnosed clinically in 56.6% followed by dengue in 16.6% cases, Malaria in about 15%, Aplastic anemia,Hepatitis B and acute leukaemia in 3.3% each.MDS was seen in 1.6% cases.Conclusion: Severe pancytopenia has significant relation with the clinical outcome and can be used as a prognostic indicator.The present study concludes that detailed primary hematological investigations, the physical findings and peripheral blood picture provides precious information in the workup of patients with pancytopenia.