Maternal and Perinatal Outcome in Anaemia Complicating Pregnancy

Abstract

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is one of the most common problems faced by obstetricians, especially in developing countries. It is frequently severe and contributes to maternal mortality and reproductive health morbidity. This study was done with the objective to find out the maternal and perinatal outcome in anaemia complicating pregnancy.Material & Methods: This was a prospective study which was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. J K Lon Mother and Child Hospital, Kota from April 2019 to March 2020 to find out the effect of moderate, severe and very severe anaemia on maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 400 patients were included in this study.Results: Iron deficiency anaemia was found to be the most common type of anaemia in pregnant women. Adverse maternal outcome was observed in the form of high incidence of preterm delivery (34.75 %), Congestive cardiac failure (6.75%), atonic PPH (2%), maternal infections and maternal mortality. Adverse perinatal outcome includes high incidence of low birth weight (47.13%), NICU admission (24.44%), jaundice (20.70%), IUGR (15.96%) and perinatal mortality. Lower the haemoglobin values, higher was the incidence of complications in both mother and neonate.Conclusion: Maternal anaemia is very high in the region in and around Kota. Regular antenatal checkups and appropriate intervention at the right time can prevent anaemia and also improve the fetomaternal outcome of pregnant mothers.