Thyroid Lesions: Role of High Frequency Sonography in Diagnosis

Abstract

Although Thyroid gland is vital for the living organism and that regulate body metabolism, thyroid nodules are a common occurrence in the general population. There are number of diagnostic screening for thyroid lesions, most widely used technique is ultrasound evaluation. Ultrasonography is the imaging technique of choice for estimating thyroid nodules/lesions because of its widespread availability, low cost, and lack of harm due to ionizing radiation. It is sensitive for the recognition of thyroid nodules. Ultrasound should be used to refine a differential diagnosis to arrive at specific diagnosis based on clinical history and physical examination. Ultrasound sonography used to identify normal as well as abnormal conditions of the thyroid gland. This is more suitable than the needle biopsy. Ultrasound distinguishes thyroid cysts (fluid-filled nodules) from solid nodules. It helps to determine location, severity, nature (benign or malignant) of the thyroid nodule. It has advantages such as identify non-palpable nodules, determine interval change in size, evaluate residual thyroid tissue after surgery and many more. In this review we are presenting insights on the use of ultrasound for the identification of thyroid lesions, uses and advantages. This will help to consider this method for the future diagnosis of thyroid lesions and decide on the treatment modalities.

Keywords: Thyroid,diet,worldwide .