A study of Prevalence, Demographic Profile and Risk factors of Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Introduction: In India CHD prevalence has increased in last six decade from1% to 9%-10% in urban populations and <1% to 4%-6% in rural populations. This epidemiological transition is mainly because of the increase in the prevalence CHD risk factors among Indian population. The present study has been undertaken with the objectives of studying the prevalence rates of coronary risk factors as well as demographic profile, age and sex specific high- risk groups.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by using stratified multistage random sampling. 270 participants aged ≥40 years participated in this study.  The Study variables were age, sex, occupation, addiction, food habit, physical activity, body mass index, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram change were recorded. Results: The prevalence of IHD among smokers was higher than among non-smokers (P<0.01) Table 4. Prevalence of IHD increases with the increase in blood pressure (P<0.01). The highest prevalence of IHD was found among the severe hypertensive population (33.3%) and the lowest prevalence was found in those patients with normal blood pressure (5.2%). The prevalence of IHD increased with higher BMI (P<0.05). Conclusion CAD among the study population is significantly associated with hypertension and smoking.Risk factors for coronary heart disease which were higher among males.