Histopathological Spectrum of Lung Lesions in Patients Undergoing Lung Resection – An Institutional Study
Keywords:
Chronic pulmonary diseases, Granulomatous lesions, non-neoplastic lung lesions, squamous cell carcinoma.Abstract
Background:Hundreds of millions of people around the world suffer from preventable chronic pulmonary diseases. In present days, tobacco smoking, indoor air pollution, outdoor pollution, allergens, and exposure to occupational hazards have become uncontrollable and the most common risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases. Lung cancer is one of the commonest cancers and cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Diagnosis of lung lesions frequently presents a diagnostic challenge to pathologists and clinicians too. The clinical and radiological findings in respiratory diseases are non-specific, and prompt histopathological study is essential for timely diagnosis of these conditions. The present study showed a great interest in the histological characterization of lung lesions at our institution. Materials and methodology: A descriptive study was carried out on 50 lung resected specimens received in the department of pathology at Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Chinakondrupadu, Guntur District, Andra Pradesh, India, to find out the spectrum of various neoplastic and non-neoplastic lung lesions encountered in and around Guntur district over a two years period from Oct 2018 to Sep 2020. Results: There were 50 cases (30 males and 20 females) during a two-year study period. In our study, the maximum number of cases (20 cases) were reported in the age group of 41-60 years with male preponderance(30 cases). The lung malignancies were more common in males (12cases) when compared to females (7 cases); in our study, the male to female ratio was 1.7: 1. In our study, the most common lung malignancy was primary adenocarcinoma(47.4%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma(26.3%). Granulomatous lesions (36%) were the most common non-neoplastic lesion reported. Smoking was the most common risk factor. Conclusion: To conclude, in our study based on morphology, non -neoplastic lesions predominated over neoplastic lesions. The most common lung malignancy was primary adenocarcinoma, followed by squamous cell carcinoma. Granulomatous lesions were the most common non-neoplastic lesion reported. Smoking was the most common risk factor. The present study findings will give valuable baseline information regarding the distributions of lung lesions in our region.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Muni Bhavani Itha, Satyanarayana Veeragandham
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