A Clinico-radiological study of cranio-cerebral injuries at a rural tertiary healthcare institute in North Maharashtra

Abstract

Introduction: Cranial and cerebral injuries are an open or closed brain damage due to short-lived mechanical factors affecting the skull Cranio-cerebral injury is a leading cause of mortality, morbidity, disability and socioeconomic losses in Indian population.Aim and objectives: To study the demography of cranio-cerebral injuries and to correlate various variables like clinical status, CT imaging, severity of cranio-cerebral injuries, operative need and its outcome.Settings and Design: This descriptive study consists of six months retrospective data and six months prospective data of 350 patients from1st June 2020 to 31st May 2021.Methods: Desired variables of all the patients were noted on a predesigned pro forma. The Prospective and retrospective both data was combined together and overall analysis was carried by StatsDirect statistical software to compute mean values for continuous data and categorical data percentages. Results: Majority of the patients were in 20 to 50 years of age group( 65.14%) and males(80%).Road traffic accidents accounted for majority of the cases(65.42%),followed by assaults(25.14%) and falls(3.42%). CT imaging reported brain edema in most of the cases (76%) followed by cerebral contusions (46%),skull fractures(39%), SDH(13.14%) and EDH (9.14%).Total 28 major neurosurgeries were performed.Conclusion:Traumatic head injuries predominantly affect young male population. CT findings are useful as prognostic indicators and useful during counseling of patients relatives. Need of Neurosurgeons, Radiologists and infrastructure in government hospitals is a real need to meet the escalating society demands.