Correlation of Bleeding Time and Clotting Time with ABO Blood Groups: An Observational Study Among Medical Students

Abstract

Background: Bleeding time (BT), clotting time (CT) and blood grouping are routinely done as a part of haematology experiments in physiology labs. In hospitals, BT, CT and blood grouping are done in diseases like thrombosis and epistaxis before surgery. Haemostasis is important for surgeons and anaesthetist. Many studies have been done on the association of blood groups with different diseases. But there are less number of studies on association of blood groups with BT, CT. Aims and Objectives: The main aim of the study was to assess the relationship of BT and CT with different ABO blood groups. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the department of physiology, VIMS, Ballari. This study was done on 200 students of VIMS. Blood group determination was performed by mixing blood sample with antisera A, B and antisera Anti D. Bleeding time was determined by Duke method and clotting time was estimated using Wright’s Capillary tube method. Chi-Square analysis was used to determine relationship of BT, CT with different ABO blood groups. Results: Results of this study showed that blood group Ó (37%) was more predominant, followed by blood groups B (30.5%), A (23.5%) and AB (9%). Bleeding time was found to be prolonged > 3 minutes in AB blood group (37.5%) followed by group O (25%), A (25%) and B (12.5%) and was statistically significant (p=0.03). Clotting time > 4 minutes is found to be more in blood group O (46.67%), followed by A (33.33%), B (13.33%) and AB (6..67%), but this variation was statistically insignificant. CT > 4 minutes was found to be in 60% of females compared to 40% in males and was statistically significant (p=0.04). Whereas BT > 3 minutes was statistically insignificant in between males and females. Conclusion: Our study reports that, blood group O was the most common group and AB was the least common group. BT was prolonged in AB blood group, while CT was prolonged in O blood group. CT was found to be more in females than males.