Prevalence, evaluation, and management of temporomandibular joint internal disc derangement in north Gujarat population

Abstract

Background: Internal derangement is an intra-articular condition in which there is a disruption in the normal relationship of the articular disc of the TMJ. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence and evaluation of the management of TMJ internal disc derangement. Materials & Methods: 78 patients having TMJ abnormality of both genders were enrolled. All underwent palpation of the TMJ and muscles of mastication for pain, palpation of joint sounds, and measurement of the range of motion. The diagnosis of anterior disk displacement with reduction was given to the patient after the following clinical signs were seen in the patient as pain is precipitated by joint movement, deviation during movement coinciding with a click, reproducible joint noise, usually at variable positions during opening and closing of the mandible and no restriction in mandibular movement. Results: Out of 78 patients, males were 48 and females were 30. Out of 78 patients, 52 (66.7%) had internal disc derangement. The type was disc displacement with reduction in 28, disc displacement with the reduction with intermittent locking in 10, disc displacement without reduction with the limited opening in 6, disc displacement without reduction without limited opening in 3, and posterior disc displacement in 5. The treatment given was medicinal (NSAIDs) in 42, physiotherapy in 20, and arthroscopic surgery in 16. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Maximum patients had internal disc derangement. Medicinal treatment was employed in most of the patients.