Effect of Hypertension and Diabetes in the Prognosis of Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease worldwide is such that it is now considered as epidemic. DM and HTN are considered as major risk factors for CKD and leads to its progression towards ESRD. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role combined role of DM and HTN in progression of CKD towards ESRD as compared to DM and HTN alone. Material and methods: CKD Patients coming to the nephrology OPD of Sri Sankra medical college suffering from DM, HTN or both were included in this study. Patients with some other comorbidities were excluded from this study, also patient’s noncompliance towards the treatment were excluded from this study. These subjects were divided into three groups, Patients with Dm+HTN both, Patients with only HTN and Patients with only DM. these subjects were then observed for a period of one year for the progression of CKD into ESRD.  Results: There was no significant difference in the progression of CKD to ESRD among the three groups. But the higher percentage of patient’s suffering from HTN progressed towards ESRD with DM+HTN group closely following. All the three groups though significantly progressed to ESRD.  Conclusion: we conclude that DM and HTN are major risk factors for the progression of CKD to ESRD although if they have a synergistic effect in the progression of disease can’t be proven by our results.