Pattern and outcome of acute poisoning cases in selected hospitals in Uttar Pradesh

Abstract

Background and objective: Poisoning is a global public health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality. It is important to know the pattern and outcome of acute poisoning cases for proper planning, prevention and management of these cases. The aim of the study was carried out to assess the patterns, associated factors, clinical outcomes and type of acute poisoning cases in various hospitals in Uttar Pradesh, India. Materials and methods: This hospital based prospective study was conducted in various hospitals in Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 309 patients were enrolled in the study after obtaining informed consent. Results: Poisoning was more common among males (57.6%). Most of the people were between 15 to 30 years (79.9%) followed by 31 to 45 years (15.5%). About 57% were married and nearly 2.6% were illiterate. Major Cardinal clinical features of poisoning were nausea and vomiting. Majority of the acute poisoning was Organophosphorous compound type (41.1%), followed by Aluminium phosphide in 22.3 % and about 14.0 % were dye poisoning. In patients with poisoning, main route of ingestion was oral. Conclusion: Poisoning is predominant in young males. The overall mortality is considerably high, mainly contributed by self-poisoning with Organophosphorous and Aluminium phosphide.