Study of prevalence of Aplastic anaemia in Punjab Population

Abstract

Background: Aplastic Anaemia is a rare yet a life threatening haematological disorder. Untreated AA results in very high mortality, Early diagnose of AA is essential for appropriate management. Method: Out of 550 adult patients aged between 18 to 40 years were studied among them 48 (8.7%) were positive with AA. Hb%, CBC, Bone marrow aspirate and trephines biopsy test, LFT confirmed the AA. To rule out inherited AA peripheral blood lymphocyte was tested for Mitomycin C test, radiologically chest x-ray was taken to rule out infection, USG to find out splenomegaly, lymph mode enlargements and anatomical displacement of Kidney which is a feature of Fanconi Anaemia. Results: Habits and profession of AA patients were tobacco usage alcoholic, exposure to pesticides, Drugs (Medication), exposure to radiation. The clinical features were pallor with bleeding, exposure to chemotherapy. Benzene, hepatitis, TB, congenital / inherited. Pregnancy related infections, vaginal bleeding. Conclusion: This pragmatic approach to AA will be useful for physician to diagnose and treat the patients efficiently to prevent the future risk of mortality and morbidly, although aetiology of AA yet to be known.