A prospective study of maternal and foetal outcome in prolonged pregnancy in tertiary care centre

Abstract

Background: Prolonged pregnancy always possess a high risk, as there is a possibility of foetal distress and foetal death due to progressive foetal hypoxia following placental insufficiency. Maternal risks due to prolonged pregnancy includes labour dystocia, increase in severe perineal injury due to macrosomia, doubling in the rate of caesarean delivery and cause anxiety. Aimed for analyse the maternal and foetal outcome, in prolonged pregnancy at tertiary care centre.Material & Method: All the pregnant mother hospitalized after 40 weeks of gestation at Government maternity hospital, Hanamkonda are included in present study. The study was conducted form July 2019 to September 2020 and included 150 pregnant mothers who fulfilled the inclusion criteria.Result: Total of 150 pregnant women with prolonged pregnancy consented to be part of study. The mean age of the pregnant women was 23.36±2.77, 52% of women were primigravida and 48% were multigravida. Among the women, 88% were in 40wks to 40wks 6D, 10% were in 41wks to 41wks 6D and 2.0% were in >42wks of gestation. Majority of new-born with birth weight of 2.5 to 3.5kg in 80% and 14.7% new-born had higher birth weight of >3.5kg. There was no significant association between the mode of delivery and gestational age in present study (p>0.05). There is a significant association between the caesarean section and gravida of the pregnant women (p<0.01). There is a significant association between the gestational week with the APGAR score. Gestational age >42wks had the lower APGAR score of <4(p<0.01).Conclusion: The prolonged pregnancy is associated with significant increased risk of perinatal complications like foetal distress. There are significant higher risk of obstetric complications such as cephalopelvic disproportion, deep transverse arrest and caesarean section. There was higher incidence of the maternal and foetal complications among the primigravida compared to multigravida.