Assessment of surgical outcome and quality of life among patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Abstract

Background: Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common age-related benign neoplasm among males. The incidence of benign prostate hyperplasia is age-dependent with cases seen mostly after the age of 45 years. Various studies reported that the prevalence is increased with age, by the age of 60 years its prevalence is reported more than 50%, and by the age of 85 its prevalence is reported around 90%. The hyperplasia of the stromal and epithelial cells of the prostate leads to the formation of discrete nodules around the periurethral region.

Material & Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Urology at our tertiary care hospital. The study duration was from June 2017 to May 2019. A sample size of 200 was calculated at a 90 % confidence interval at a 5 % acceptable margin of error by epi info software version 7.2. Patients were enrolled from the outdoor department and ward by simple random sampling. Clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee was taken before the start of the study. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Results Study included 200 patients with an average age of 62.7 years with an average BMI of 26.8 kg/m2. The mean baseline IPSS score of all study participants was 20.75+2.21. The mean baseline QOL score of all study participants was 4.31±0.92. The mean prostate volume (ml) of all study participants was 54.6±4.42 ml. The mean IPSS score in the first month of all study participants was 5.10±0.81. The mean IPSS score in the first month of all study participants was 5.10±0.81. The mean IPSS score in the second month of all study participants was 4.20±0.99. The mean IPSS score at the fourth month of all study participants was 3.32+0.58. The mean IPSS score in the sixth month of all study participants was 2.68±0.42. on applying the test of significance it was found that mean IPSS scores at different months had statistically significant (p value<0.05) difference with mean baseline IPSS score. The mean QOL score in the sixth month of all study participants was 0.82±0.34. On applying the test of significance it was found that mean QOL scores in the sixth month had statistically significant (p value<0.05) difference with mean baseline QOL score. Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that the transurethral resection of the prostate is the standard operative procedure for benign prostate hyperplasia. The mean IPSS scores at different months after TURP had a statistically significant (p value<0.05) difference with the mean baseline IPSS score. The quality of life is improvement was statistically significant (p value<0.05) after TURP.

Keywords: BPH, TURP, IPSS, QOL.