Clinical and Electrophysiological Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis at a Tertiary Care Centre of Bihar

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive decline in renal function, which is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. The present study was carried out to assess prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in CKD patients on PD patients with special emphasis on electrophysiological parameters and severity of peripheral neuropathy and its relation with diabetes mellitus. Methodology: During the period from November 2020 to April 2020, 50 consecutive patients diagnosed to have CKD and are on OPD at J.N.K.T. Medical College, Madhepura, Bihar, India were included in the present study. Patients with pre-existing peripheral neuropathy prior to the diagnosis of CKD were excluded from the present study. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee and written informed consent was obtained from the patients for their participation in the study. The patients were divided into two equal groups, randomly: Group 1 included 25 diabetic patients Group 2 included 25 nondiabetic patients. All cases were subjected to nerve conduction studies (NCS) using Medelec synergy and Natus machines. NCS procedure was done for both motor conductions and sensory conductions. Median nerve, ulnar nerve, common peroneal nerve, and posterior tibial nerve were assessed for motor conductions. Median nerve, ulnar nerve, and sural nerve were assessed for sensory conductions. Results: The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy among the study participants was 62% (31 out of 50) based on clinical symptoms and 80% (40 out of 50) based on electrophysiological parameters. Based on electrophysiological data, prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in CKD patients on PD with DM and without DM was 100% and 60%, respectively. Conclusion: Rationale management of diabetes in CKD patients on PD probably lowers the prevalence and severity of peripheral neuropathy.