Morphometry of The Orbital Region in Dry Skull and CT images

Abstract

Introduction: The bony orbit is significant not only for anatomists, but also for ophthalmologists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and forensic experts who study the human face. The purpose of this study was to determine how the orbital index varies with race, regions, within the same race, and different times in evolution. The present study's objectives are to offer the normal reference orbital parameters for the NorthIndian population, as well as to determine the normal reference orbital parameters. Materials and Method: Materials and Method: The experiment was carried out on thirty-eight dried skulls of different ages, genders, and races. Manual vernier calipers were used to measure the length and breadth of the orbital plane. The orbital index was determined by using the formula Length /Breadth x 100 to the length/breadth ratio. To avoid interobserver and intraobserver error, the parameters were measured independently by two individuals using specified protocols. Result: To analyze all of the data collected, descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and range were computed and used to summarize the findings statistically. There were no significant differences in maximum orbital length and breadth between the right and left sides, however, there were differences in maximum orbital length on the right side (33.7 1.8 mm) and 33. 8 2.1 mm on the left side (37. 22 09 mm). On the right and left sides, the maximum orbital length and breadth were determined to be 33.7 1.8 mm and 33. 8 2.1 mm, respectively, while the maximum orbital breadth was found to be 37. 4 2. 1 mm and 37. 22. 09 mm, respectively. Conclusions: The orbital index was determined based on the length and breadth of the orbital plane. which will be useful in plastic surgery, Ophthalmology, maxillary surgery, and reconstructive cosmetic surgery of the face all benefit from the use of orbital morphometry as a baseline measurement. A thorough understanding of anatomy and its variations will aid surgeons in avoiding surgical complications throughout the procedure as well as forensic research.