Study of hematological parameters in cases of splenomegaly

Abstract

Background: This was a prospective study carried out in the department of pathology of a tertiary care hospital during a period of one and half years (Nov 2016- June2018). All patients presented with palpable spleen were included in study. Blood samples were collected for complete hemogram, reticulocyte count, sickling test, osmotic fragility and other haematological investigations if needed. Bone marrow examination and serum electrophoresis was done whenever necessary. Grading of splenomegaly was done by Hackett’s classification. Data collected was analysed to find out the etiology of splenomegaly and its haematological manifestations. Maximum cases were seen in the age group of 11-20 years (19.23%) with a male preponderance. Objectives: To study haematological parameters in cases of splenomegaly in all age groups. To correlate splenomegaly with various hematological parameters and to evaluate hematological and non hematological causes of splenomegaly. Results: Total 260 cases of splenomegaly were studied in this present study. Hematological causes of splenomegaly (53.85%) were more common than the non hematological causes (46.15%). Anemia (38.85%) was the most common cause of splenomegaly among the hematological disorders followed by leukemia (11.92%) where as infective etiology (30.77%) was the predominant cause among the non hematological disorders. Hackett’s grade I splenomegaly was seen in maximum number of case (38.46%). Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between degree of splenomegaly and degree of cytopenia. Increasing splenic size was significantly associated with occurrence of hypersplenism.