Histopathological assessment of placenta in PIH patients

Abstract

Background: The occurrence of infection, haemorrhage and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has great impact on mother and foetal well- being. The present study was conducted to perform histopathological assessment of placenta in PIH patients. Materials & Methods: 74 cases with normal and hypertensive pregnancies were selected and were classified patients into 2 groups of 37 each. Group I comprised of patients with hypertension (>140/90 mm Hg) and group II were normal pregnancy. Parameters recorded were gestational age, mean birth weight, mean placenta weight, mean fetoplacental birth ratio. Morphology of placenta was studied. Results: Maximum patients (19) were seen in age group 20-25 years in group I and 18 in group II. Minimum patients (3) in group I and in group II (3) were present in age group 30-35 years and <20 years respectively. Gestational age 37 weeks was seen in 12 in group I and 11 in group II, 38 weeks in 8 in group I and 7 in group II, 39 weeks in 6 in group I and 9 in group II, 40 weeks in 3 in group I and 2 in group II and 41 weeks in 1 in group I and 1 in group II. The mean birth weight was 2862.4 grams in group I and 2548.5 grams in group II, mean placental weight was 482.4 grams in group I and 476.2 grams in group II and fetoplacental ration found to be 6.52 in group I and 6.10 in group II. The mean Syncitial knots/100 villi was 71.4 in group I and 30.5 in group II, hyalinized villi/ 10 lpf was 6.8 in group I and 1.2 in group II, fibrinoid necrosis/100 villi was 12.5 in group I and 3.1 in group II, calcified areas/ 10 lpf was 2.4 in group I and 0.45 in group II and cytotrophoblastic proliferation/ 100 villi was 16.8 in group I and 3.4 in group II. Conclusion: The occurrence of syncitial knots, hyalinized villi, fibrinoid necrosis, calcified areas and cytotrophoblastic proliferation was more in PIH group than control subject.