Evaluation of clinico-demographic and biochemical profile of paediatric patients diagnosed with typhoid Fever

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate clinical & laboratory profile of typhoid fever in children in Bihar Region. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, Bihar, India from September   2019 to February 2020. Total 100 Children aged below 18 years with history of fever of more than 7 days duration were included in this study. In each case, age, sex, presenting complaint, laboratory investigations and antibiotic sensitivity pattern are collected and analysed.

Results: Out of 100 cases, 68 cases (68%) were males, 32 cases (32%) were females. The most common age group was 4-8 years. The most common symptom was fever (100%), followed by anorexia (64%), vomiting (47%), pain abdomen (19%), diarrhea (14%), headache (10%), and cough (6%). The most common sign was toxic look in 72% of the cases followed by coated tongue in 53%, hepatomegaly 40%, splenomegaly 22%, hepatosplenomegaly in 12% of cases and pallor in 8% of cases. Anemia found in 20 (20%) cases, leucopenia and leucocytosis was observed in 32 (32%) cases and 14 (14%) cases respectively. neutropenia found in 38 (38%) cases and neutrophilia was found in 35 (35%) cases. Eosinopenia was seen in 42 (42%) cases, eosinophilia in 9 (9%) cases and thrombocytopenia in 17(17%) cases. SGOT levels was elevated (>200IU/ml) in 10 (10%) cases and SGPT (>200IU/ml) in 13 (13%) cases.

Conclusions: Typhoid fever is most commonly observed with unhygienic practices and eating of unhealthy outside food. This major public health issue can be tackled by bringing awareness among people regarding disease transmission and its various preventive measures.

Keywords: Children, Clinical profile, Coated tongue, Typhoid fever