A Cross-sectional Study to Evaluate the Seasonal Trends and Changes in Haematological Parameters in Malaria Cases in Last Five Years

Authors

  • Esha Singhal Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Rajshree Medical Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Manjari Kumari Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Dr Sonelal Patel State Medical College, Pratapgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Prashant Bhardwaj Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Rajshree Medical Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India

Keywords:

Malaria, Seasonal Trend, Anaemia, Haematological Changes.

Abstract

Introduction: Introduction: Malaria is a potentially life-threatening disease in humans caused by Plasmodium. P. falciparum has major contribution in malaria related death while other species P.vivax, P.ovale and P.malariae generally cause a milder disease. Malaria cases show seasonal variation with highest cases during rainy season. In malaria hematological changes like anaemia, thrombocytopenia, atypical lymphocytosis and less commonly disseminated intravascular coagulation are evident and they also play a pivotal role in serious complications.
Aims and Objectives: Aim of this study was to determine the seasonal trends of malaria, and demonstrate the changes in hematological parameters like haemoglobin level (Hb), platelet count, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and Red cell distribution width (RDW) in malaria patients during the five year study period in tertiary care hospital. Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross sectional study was conducted for a period of five years from January 2016 to December 2020 at central diagnostic laboratory of tertiary care hospital, Bareilly, U.P. Malaria was confirmed by identifying malaria parasites in thick & thin peripheral smears and by rapid antigenic test for malaria. The values of different hematological parameters of malaria patients were collected from medical records of the hospital. Results: A total of 635 malaria patients with 358 (56.38%) male and 277(43.62%) female were included in our study. The prevalence of P. vivax malaria was highest with 475(74.80%) cases. A total of 470(74.01%) malaria cases were observed from July to October with highest prevalence in the month of September (31.18%). From study population anemia and thromboctypenia was observed in 566(89.13%) patients and 457(71.97%) patients respectively. MCV was subnormal in 229(36.06%) patients. Low MCH was observed in 160(25.19%) patients and low MCHC in 109(17.16%) patients. RDW was raised in 246(38.74%) patients.Conclusion: This study concludes that infection of P. falciparum and P.vivax can cause significant changes in hematological parameters. That’s why these parameters can be used as a reliable diagnostic marker for supporting malaria in presence of characteristic clinical findings and negative PBS for malaria parasite.

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Published

2022-01-16

How to Cite

Esha Singhal, Manjari Kumari, & Prashant Bhardwaj. (2022). A Cross-sectional Study to Evaluate the Seasonal Trends and Changes in Haematological Parameters in Malaria Cases in Last Five Years. International Journal of Health and Clinical Research, 5(1), 435–438. Retrieved from https://ijhcr.com/index.php/ijhcr/article/view/4532