A study of histopathological spectrum of breast lesions

Abstract

Introduction: Breast lesions is a common problem. Incidence of benign breast lesions begins during second decade of life, peaks in fourth and fifth decade. Increased risk of breast cancer is associated with proliferative and atypical hyperplasia. Diagnostic modalities like mammography, ultrasonography, FNAC, Tru-cut biopsy are used. According to Indian Council of Medical Research Statistics, 10,000 breast cancers are being diagnosed every year in India, with more than 70% diagnosed at advanced stages. Hence, the histopathological spectrum of the breast’s neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions was planned for better evaluation. Aim: This study evaluates the frequency, age, gender, and histopathological profile of non-neoplastic and neoplastic breast lesions. Material and Methods: This study includes patients with breast disease admitted to the surgery department, MBS Hospital - Kota, Rajasthan from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. The histopathological diagnosis is based on pre-operative fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathology of a post-operative specimen. Results: A total of 602 patients with breast lesions were admitted, including 588 females (97.67%) and 14 male patients (2.32%). Peak age of lesions was 15years to 25 years (36%) including neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Among 439 benign lesions, 216 lesions were fibroadenoma (49.20%), 85 were Breast abscess (19.36%), 13 were fibroadenosis (2.96%), 2 cases of duct papilloma (0.45%), 2 cases of benign phylloid (0.45%). Among 163 patients (27.08%) of neoplastic lesion, 141 were invasive duct carcinoma (86.50%). Conclusion: The pattern of breast lesions was obtained with valuable information concerning clinico-pathological profile of breast lesions.