A cross sectional study on obstructive sleep apnea in patient with type 2-diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or periods of shallow breathing during sleep. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are common disorders that often coexist. Risk factors for OSA include being overweight and obesity, a family history of the condition, allergies, a small airway, and enlarged tonsils. Objectives: This study was carried out to check whether patient with diabetes are at risk of developing sleep apnea or not. Material and method: In this cross sectional study, participants were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria. A total of 150 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus having HbA1c level more than 7% where considered in this study. Aseptically, venous blood was drawn from the antecubital vein from each patient for estimation of HbA1c. HbA1c was estimated by using Nycocard Reader. While, Polysomnography was done for diagnosis of OSA which is consider as gold standard at department of pulmonary medicine. Statistical analysis of collected data has been determined by using SPSS (16.0). P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: Patients having high average BMI and Neck Circumference is having greater number of sleep apnea (51- 60).This study also revel high percentage of HbA1c is directly related to Sleep apnea. Conclusion: Our study involved low number of cases but still the results were satisfying; the incidence of OSA was significantly higher in Diabetes mellitus patients as comparison to general population. Early detection and treatment of OSA in DM patients can prevent development of complications in them due to the combined effects of both diseases.