To study and compare the efficacy of novel and naso-pulmonary drug delivery systems for respiratory disease management

Abstract

This review examines recent advances in naso-pulmonary drug delivery technologies for respiratory disease management. Conventional routes including oral administration and inhalation therapy face significant limitations that novel delivery systems aim to overcome. We analyze anatomical and physiological considerations critical to optimizing naso-pulmonary delivery and discuss emerging technologies including nanoparticle-based systems, liposomes, smart polymers, and bio-adhesive formulations. Particle engineering strategies, excipient selection, and modified release systems are evaluated for their roles in enhancing therapeutic efficacy. In vitro and in vivo evaluation methods including advanced cell culture models and imaging techniques provide critical insights into drug deposition and distribution patterns. Comparative analyses of bioavailability metrics, pharmacokinetic profiles, and clinical outcomes data demonstrate significant advantages of novel delivery platforms across multiple respiratory conditions including asthma, COPD, infectious diseases, and pulmonary fibrosis. Despite regulatory and manufacturing challenges, future perspectives including personalized delivery approaches, AI-guided formulation design, and combination therapies offer promising directions for addressing the growing global burden of respiratory diseases.