To explore the morphometric examination of placenta in birth weight of full-term newborn babies

Abstract

Aim: The present study was aimed to explore the morphometric examination of placenta in birth weight of full-term newborn.Materials and methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Anatomy. Total 100 discarded placentae were collected at random from deliveries (both vaginal and caesarian) conducted Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna Bihar,India for 18 months. 50 out of the 100 placentae were from controls (birth weight > 2500gms) and 50 from low birth weight deliveries (birth weight <2500gms). In the collected placenta, the weight, volume, diameter and thickness of placenta were measured. Results: Total 100 placenta which was equally distributed between two groups, group A which included placentae of normal birth weight new born and group B which included placentae of low birth weight newborns.  72% of  placenta was birth weight 400-500 gms and followed by 28% >500 gms in group A, and 60 %  of placenta was birth weight <400 gms in group B. 46% of placenta was  volume 401-499 ml  and followed by 28% of  placenta was volume ≤ 400 ml in group A and 80%  of placenta had ≤ 400 ml volume in group B. The mean placental weight was 465.87±31.67gms in normal birth weight group and 392.71±60.21 gms in the low birth weight group. The mean placental diameter was 19.12±0.88cm in normal birth weight group and 16.83±2.26cm in the low birth weight group. The mean placental thickness was 0.79±0.27cm in normal birth weight group and 1.71±0.27cm in the low birth weight group. The mean placental volume in the normal birth weight group was 439.25± 40.83ml and in the low birth weight group it was 376.24±46.88 ml.The mean foeto-placental ratio in normal birth weight group was 6.24 whereas in low birth weight group, it was 5.22. All the parameter was found to be statistically significant. In the present study the placental coefficient in normal birth weight group was 0.158 ± 0.014 and in low birth weight group was 0.188± 0.031. Conclusion: we conclude that the morphometric observation of placenta is associated with foetal weight. This study will also make the physicians and researcher to focus on the placenta.

Key words: Birth weight, Placenta, Placental morphometry.