Study the antimicrobial agents sensitivity of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients admitted in RIMS, Ranchi

Abstract

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections that are becoming increasingly difficult to combat because of emerging resistance to all current antibiotic classes. For this, study of MRSA isolated from admitted patients were carried out. These strains were separately tested for their sensitivity to different antibiotics to know which group of antibiotics are most effective particularly for cases of RIMS, Ranchi.

Material & Methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi clinical isolates of MRSA strains were obtained from admitted patients of RIMS, Ranchi. The sources of isolate included pus from infected surgical wounds, infected burn wounds, conjunctival swab, aural swab, throat swab, vaginal swab, urine etc for microbiological analysis and antimicrobial sensitivity of MRSA. Disc diffusion method was employed.

Results: All the 264 cases of staphylococcal species isolated from different clinical specimens were subjected to coagulase test. It was observed that out of 264 strains of staphylococci isolated from different sites 165 strains (62.5%) were coagulase positive and 99 strains (37.5%) were coagulase negative by tube method. It was observed that out of 165 strains of staph. aureus isolated from different clinical samples 64 strains of staph. aureus were resistant to methicillin (38.78%). Maximum isolation of MRSA were from pus 38 (51.35%), followed by throat swab 19 (36.36%), aural swab (14.28%) and conjunctival swab (44.44%). It was observed that out of 165 strains of s. aureus isolated only 64 strains were resistant to methicillin. All strains of MRSA were 100% sensitive to Vancomycin & linezolid. Similarly 92.3% were sensitive to netilmicin, 89.7% to clindamycin, 82.1% to ciprofloxacin, 74.4% to cephotaxime, 69.2% to azithromycin, 56.4% to roxithromycin & clarithromycin, 17.9% to piperacillin/tazobactam. The most effective antibiotic against MRSA was vancomycin, linezolid, netilmicin & clindamycin.

Conclusion: After comparing the effectiveness of antibiotics against MRSA infection it can be concluded that piperacillin/tazobactam, clarithromycin, roxithromycin azithromycin, cefotaxime & ciprofloxacin are of little value in treating the MRSA infection. They should not be used indiscriminately and in a haphazard manner otherwise increment in emergence of resistant strains may not be checked.