A study on thyroid disorders in type 1 diabetes mellitus - A cross sectional observational study

Abstract

Introduction: Because of this high prevalence, lack of clinical features and the impact on morbidity, most investigators recommend screening children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes for autoimmune thyroid disease. Early detection has the potential to prevent significant morbidity related to unrecognized disease.Aim:Study to analyse the prevalence of thyroid disorders and thyroid autoimmunity among Type 1 Diabetes.Methodology: Cross sectional observational study, carried out at Ayaan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. Patients were enrolled from the patient population who were admitted in the wards of general Medicine between January 2020 to December 2020. 64 patients among them satisfied criteria for inclusion into the study. Patient list did not include paediatric group since they were not attending our department.Results: our study confirms the association between autoimmune hypothyroidism and type 1 diabetes and suggests that all subjects with type 1 diabetes, particularly those with positive Thyroid Peroxidase antibodies, should undergo annual screening by serum Thyroid Simulating Hormone measurement to detect asymptomatic thyroid dysfunction.Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in individuals with type 1 diabetes. A subset of patients develops thyroid dysfunction.