Assessment of diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetes mellitus subjects via evaluation of serum creatinine levels, creatinine clearance and microalbuminuria in central indian population

Abstract

Background:Diabetic nephropathy is also termed diabetic kidney disease which leads to loss of kidney functions chronically in diabetic subjects. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common causes of renal replacement and mortality.Aims: The present clinical trial was conducted to assess the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in diabetic subjects via evaluation of serum creatinine levels, creatinine clearance, and microalbuminuria.Materials and methods: In randomly selected 80 diabetics, detailed history, comprehensive clinical examination, and relevant laboratory investigations were carried out to assess diabetic nephropathy. 24 hours urine sample was collected for each subject. Serum creatinine, microalbumin, and creatinine clearance were measured. For creatinine clearance, measurement was done by the MDRD formula of e-GFR. The collected data were subjected to the statistical evaluationfor results formulation.Results: Diabetic nephropathy was seen in 42.5% of study subjects. However, most severe diabetic nephropathy was only in 1 (1.25%) study subjects. More abnormal Creatinine values were seen in subjects with higher age (60.52%, 23 in subjects older than 51 years) showing that kidney functions decrease with increasing age. On analysis, it was seen that in study subjects only age had a statistically significant correlation with chronic kidney disease (p=0.001).Conclusion:The present trial concludes that subjects with diabetes are prone to have diabetic nephropathy affecting kidneys and constituting increased mortality. Renal functions are more compromised in subjects of higher age.