A cross-sectional study of prevalenceof cardiovascular risk factors and Its association with socio-economic variables amongst adolescentsof rural Maharashtra

Abstract

Background: Prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors are rapidly increasing amongst the children and adolescents and is topic of concerned due to risk of development of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in adulthood. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and associated Cardio-metabolic risk factors with sociodemographic variables amongst the teenagers of rural population.Methods: A cross sectional study carried out on 405 teenagers (13-19year)in a rural population of central India. We collected socio–demographic data and cardio metabolic risk factors using predesigned proforma. Their blood pressure and body mass indices were also recorded. Blood samples were collected for lipid profile and blood sugar. Data was analyzed with EPI – INFO software version 6.04.Results: A total of 405 subjects was studied of which 182 were male and 223 were female. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was found to be 9.9% (95%CI: 7.3-13.1). The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors like low level of HDLc, impaired fasting glucose, were found to be 58.3% (95%CI:53.4-63.0) and 13.8% (95% CI:10.7-17.5) respectively. 2.2%of teenagers had a waist circumference more than the cut off (> 90th percentile) while high blood pressure was found in 24.40% (95%CI: 18.6-26.7) i.e.,>90th percentile for age, sex and height. Similarly, risk factors like obesity and overweight were found significant (p<0. 05) in teenagers with family history of obesity.Conclusion: Cardiometabolic risk factors slowly extending to rural areas. Therefore, early detection of these risk factors can be an attempt to prevent or delay the metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease.