Evaluation of Incidence of Gallbladder Content Spillage and Factors Leading to it During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has replaced open cholecystectomy in the treatment of cholelithiasis. However, with the increase in the number of laparoscopic operations performed, there has also been a noticeable increase in the frequency of gallbladder (GB) content spillage and its complications Objectives: Aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of gallbladder spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and factors affecting it.Materials and Methods: Cross- Sectional study conducted at General Surgery department of Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, UP. Data was collected preoperatively and intraoperatively from 126 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis from Oct 2019 – Oct 2020.Results: Among total 126 patients, gallbladder spillage occurred in 16 patients. Dissection of gallbladder from hepatic fossa found to be major technical factor responsible for spillage. Distended gallbladder/ multiple stones/ peri GB adhesions found to be most common patient related factor responsible for spillage.Conclusion: During Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, gallbladder content spillage can occur in significant number of patients at multiple steps of the procedure due to interactive role of both patient related factors and technical factors and it can be a source of morbidity. So, every attempt should be made to prevent it rather than managing it afterwards.