The Trends of Distribution and Susceptibility profile of Methicillin resistant and Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Objective: Staphylococcus aureus [S.aureus] is known to be a pathogen of prime importance both in community and health care settings. This study aims at determining the distribution of Staphylococcus isolates both methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus [MSSA] as well as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] in the community as well as the health care settings.Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad, South India between Jan 2020 – December 2020. Isolation and phenotypic identification of S. aureus was done using standard microbiological methods at the bacteriology laboratory, in the Microbiology department. Demographics, categorical variables, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns were compared between MRSA and MSSA along with a comparison of resistance patterns between Community-acquired MSSA and MRSA [CA-MSSA, CA-MRSA] and Hospital-acquired MSSA and MRSA [CA – MSSA, HA-MSSA] respectively.Results: About 139 (13.3%) isolates were positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Most of the positive isolates were received from males 56.1 % and between 41-60 years. The majority of the isolates were from pus (88%) followed by blood (32%). The prevalent isolate was MSSA (52%) with a predominance of CA-MSSA (39%). The resistance pattern was seen among S.aureus isolates to beta-lactams, quinolones, tetracyclines followed by macrolides.Conclusion: Constant monitoring of institutional antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and refurbishing the antibiogram accordingly is a pressing priority to prevent the further spread of antimicrobial resistance in the community and health care settings.