Assessment of serum renal markers and its association with outcome of acute kidney injury-A cross sectional study

Abstract

Introduction- Acute kidney injury shows an elevation in the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level and /or an elevation in plasma or serum creatinine (SCr) concentration, often associated with decrease in urine volume. Acute Kidney Injury is associated with increased length of hospital stay and in turn leads to higher treatment cost. Levels of serum urea and creatinine directly affect the outcome of disease. Aims and objectives-
1) To assess serum level of urea, creatinine and K+ in patients with acute kidney injury.
2) To predict outcome of acute kidney injury patients in our hospital during the study period.
3) To assess association of levels of urea and creatinine with outcome of Acute kidney disease.
Material and methods- After taking proper history and informed consent of the patient, clinical examination was done. Serum level of urea, creatinine and K+ was assessed. Glomerular Filtration Rate(GFR) was calculated. The patients were managed either conservatively or on hemodialysis. The outcome of patients were noted as full recovery, partial recovery and death. The outcome of patient was compared with serum urea levels, serum creatinine levels. Results- 55.29% patients had serum urea level upto 100 mg/dl, 54.7% had creatinine between 2-4mg/dl. 62.94% had serum potassium in normal range. Mean GFR was 24.41±11.47. 66.47% were managed conservatively and 33.52% were given hemodialysis. 50% fully recovered. Deaths were found in 15.88%. Increase in level of urea and creatinine suggested need of hemodialysis. Conclusion- Elevated levels of urea and creatinine suggested unfavourable outcome and need of hemodialysis. Early diagnosis, early referral, proper treatment is must for the favourable outcome.