Prevalence & perinatal outcome of GDM : a tertiary teaching hospital based study

Abstract

Can we do something to improve outcomes of GDM?Much needs to be done to deal with epidemic of GDM in India as it affects both mother and fetus adversely.This study was aimed to find out the data pertaining to GDM.Using notional sampling frame 200 pregnant women  were offered  75 gm oral glucose tolerance test between 24 to 28 weeks of gestation,irrespective of the fasting status as recommended by DIPSI.Patients having values ≥140 mg/dl ,2 hrs after administration of 75 gm oral glucose were labelled as GDM.Whole cohort was followed during antenatal period and upto 7 days after delivery for fetomaternal outcome. Prevalence of GDM was 8% in our study. Statistically significant  increased rates of gestational hypertension,chronic hypertension, preeclampsia,UTI,preterm delivery,rate of caesarean section and polyhydramnios were found  in GDM patients.Statistically significant higher rates of metabolic complications,respiratory distress,admission to neonatal unit and macrosomia were found in neonates of GDM mothers.Hence there is a need for studying outcomes as well as cost effectiveness of different diagnostic criteria while simultaneously creating social awareness, training manpower, and sensitizing policymakers to make GDM testing and management mandatory during pregnancy at all levels.