Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacterial Isolates from Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bihar

Abstract

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a modern warfare against trillions upon trillions of microorganisms which is constantly evolving. The intention of the study is to find out the prevalence of common infection and sensitivity pattern among bacterial pathogens in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar. Methodology: The current study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India over a period of 1 year from November 2020 to October 2021. The prior approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee. The data comprising a total of 615 samples collected over a period of one year. Isolates from clinical specimen such as urine, pus, blood, sputum, wound, ear, throat swabs, and peritoneal fluid sample were analyzed. The positive cultures and their antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed under the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Results: During the study period, total of 615 samples were received for culture and sensitivity test in the Department of Microbiology from the various intensive care units of the hospital. Out of 252 positive samples, based on microscopy and culture characters 179 (71.1%) were Gram Negative isolates and 73 (28.9%) were Gram positive isolates. The most predominant isolated organism in Gram Negative isolates are Klebsiella - 98 (54.7%), Pseudomonas – 38 (21.2%), Escherichia coli – 29 (16.2%) & Proteus vulgaris – 14 (7.8%). Similarly the most predominant Genus/Species in Gram Positive isolates is Staphylococcus – 71 (97.3%). Conclusion: Existing and future medical community, health care professionals, Government should address this emerging problem and curb this at its root or else a scenario of pre antibiotic era in near future is inevitable.