Evaluation of using temporalis fascia and cartilage graft in type I tympanoplasty among the patient from district Nainital

Abstract

The tympanic membrane which is pearly greyish in colour has a function to amplify and transmit sound waves and perforation could be caused due to recurrent middle ear infection or trauma results in symptoms like discharging ear, hearing impairment and otalgia. A total of 120 patients were enrolled for the present study and Pure tone audiometry test along with other tests were performed to evaluate improvement in hearing and closure of the perforation. The mean age of the study population was 29.33±10.77 years, the mean Preop PTA was 39.22±6.39, the mean preop air bone gap was 29.78±4.73 and the post op PTA and air bone gap was 32.91±7.001 and 23.54±6.29 respectively.In preoperative cartilage group, Ab gap was 29.04±4.915, the postoperative AB gap was 23.85±6.65 and 23.07±5.94 for temporal fascia and cartilage respectively. No significant difference was observed among grouped variables among both the groups. It was observed thatpreop PTA (38.53±5.85), preop air bone gap (29.43±4.64), post op PTA (31.45±5.28) and postop air bone gap (22.43±5.51) was significantly less than in patients in whom healing was not present. The mean surface area (%) was greater in patients in whom healing was not present (53.85±17.22 vs 45.56±14.90). Thus, we found that Type I tympanoplasty is an effective and safe procedure with a high anatomical success rate in the treatment of mucosal COM. Tympanoplasty with cartilage graft had a hearing outcome comparable to temporalis fascia graft. We found that factors like age, gender, side of involvement of ear, size and site of perforation and grafting techniques did not affect the success rate of tympanoplasty.