A study of safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine in cystoscopy

Abstract

Introduction: Outpatient performance of minimally invasive transurethral procedures, such as cystoscopy, will have a substantial effect on the protection of financial and workforce capital, but they must be tolerable. By providing sedation coupled with analgesia/anesthesia, normally induced by an anesthesiologist, the discomfort, restlessness and patient movements that can lead surgeon’s discomfort during the procedure can be solved. Aim: To study the efficacy and safety of  Dexmedetomidine given at a dose of 0.5 µg /kg 10 minutes  before  cystoscopy. Material and methods: Prospective randomized controlled study done at Osmania General Hospital for a period of 2 months in Sixty patients presenting for cystoscopy in urology operation theatre were randomly assigned into two groups either Group-A or Group-B. Results:0.5 μ/kg of dexmedetomidine was administered 10 minutes prior to the procedure that was not accompanied by maintenance infusion and had no hemodynamic changes along with VAS of 3.78 intraoperatively (mild to moderate pain score) and VAS 2.89 (mild pain) postoperatively compared to the Placebo group sample, in which VAS was 7.2 intraoperatively and postoperatively 4.4 suggesting moderate to severe pain in the group.While in the dexmedetomidine group  the OAA/S scale was 5 both intraoperatively and postoperatively indicating patient alertness during and after cystoscopy. Conclusion:Dexmedetomidine infusion even without loading dose provides safe, effective adjunct analgesia, without undesirable hemodynamic effects in cystoscopy.