A study to assess the Clinico-etiologic profile of patients with acute pancreatitis

Abstract

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a common disease with wide clinical variation and its incidence is increasing. Acute pancreatitis includes a wide spectrum of disease, from mild self limiting symptoms to a fulminant process with multiple organ failure and high mortality. Aim: The present study was aimed to study etiology and complications of acute pancreatitis, to assess the clinical profile of acute pancreatitis. Material and Methods: The study was a crosssectional study which was carried in the Department of General Surgery, PMCH, Bihar, India for one year. Total 100 patients who were diagnosed for acute pancreatitis were include in this study and data collection on admission included age, sex, address and clinical presentation with respect to pain vomiting, gallstones trauma and drugs was noted.  Results: Out of 100 patients, 56 were males and 44 were females. Majority of patients at the age group of 30-40 (42%) and followed by 40-50 years (33%). All the patients (100%) presented with pain abdomen, 84% of them presented with nausea/vomiting, 45% of them presented with fever and 28 % of them with jaundice. 46% patient’s biliary pancreatitis was found to be the most common cause for acute pancreatitis. Alcoholism was the second most common cause (35%). Hyperlipidemia (4%) and traumatic (4%) pancreatitis was found in 4 patient each. Patients where no cause was found were labelled as idiopathic (11%). In males alcoholism induced pancreatitis was most common with a second commonest as biliary etiology .Diabetes mellitus was most prevalent in the study population 59%. Obesity as defined by the current definition was prevalent in 41%. Conclusion: Acute pancreatitis is one of the leading causes for increase morbidity and mortality to society. Cinical assessment along with lab markers correlated well with the mortality and morbidity.

Keywords: acute pancreatitis, clinical, morbidity, mortality.