A Clinico-Epidemiological and Histopathological study on Management of Gall Bladder Stones

Abstract

Background- Gall stones are very common problem the incidence ranging from 10% to 20% of the world population. In India, it is seven times more frequent in the north than in the south. Gallbladder stones are known to deliver histopathological changes in the gallbladder. It is also one of the predisposing factors for the development of cancer of the gallbladder.

Objectives-

1. To examine the clinicopathological range of management of gall stone diseases.
2. To determine the prevalence of various types of gall stones.

Materials & Methods- Retrospective study assessment of all cholecystectomy specimens received in the Department of Surgery from January 2019 to December 2019. Histopathology of gall bladder diseases and biochemical analysis of gall stones done. SPSS 22 was used for analysis.

Results- The total number of cholecystectomy specimens studied were 80. There were 65 cases of chronic calculous cholecystitis, the highest incidence of these being in the age group of 41- 50years. In this male were 35 and females were 45. All patients underwent ultrasonography to confirm the clinical diagnosis. On morphological analysis, the commonest gall stone was pigment type, and the commonest lesion was chronic cholecystitis by histopathology.

Conclusion- The morphological variety of gall stone disease recognizes the possible risk factors like increasing age, female sex, multiparity and obesity. People who are at risk, may modify their diet to decrease the risk. Regular exercise may also reduce the risk of gall stones.

Keywords- Cholecystectomy, Calculous cholecystitis, Biochemical analysis, cholecystitis, abdominal ultrasound, cholesterol stone, epigastric pain.