Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on the outcome of critically ill patients in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal: a record-based, observational study

Abstract

Background:  Critically ill patients with diabetes are at increased risk of developing of complications. But the impact of diabetics on ICU outcome is unclear. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of data from the Indian ICU.  In this study, we aimed at assessing the relationship between diabetes mellitus with specific ICU outcome in terms of duration of ICU stay, ICU mortality and ICU cure- rate. We also tried to correlate the value of the capillary blood glucose level at the time of ICU admission with the duration of ICU stay. Materials & Methods:  This was a hospital record based observational study. Anonymized data collection was done from the records of patients who were admitted in the ICU of Burdwan Medical College and hospital during  January to March 2020. Data regarding the capillary blood glucose value during the time of ICU admission, duration of ICU stay and ICU mortality were collected from the record section. Results:  Among the retrieved data of 246 patients, 84 patients were diabetics (34.15%). The duration of ICU stay was found to be significantly higher among the diabetics population than those of non-diabetics. (p =.01) A moderately positive correlation was found between the capillary blood glucose level at the time of  ICU admission and duration of ICU stay. However, no statistically significant difference was found in terms of mortality and ICU cure-rate between the two groups. Conclusion:  From the present study we came to a conclusion that duration of ICU stay is influenced by the presence of diabetes with a positive correlation of ICU admission time capillary blood glucose level with the duration of ICU stay. Both ICU mortality and ICU cure-rate were independent of diabetes.