Obstetric outcome and complications in pregnant women who present with first trimester vaginal bleeding: An observational study

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to assess the obstetric outcome and complications in pregnant women who present with first trimester vaginal bleeding. Materials & Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Narayan Medical College and Hospital, Sasaram, Bihar, India from November 2017 to October 2018, All women with vaginal bleeding in first trimester of pregnancy whose pregnancy was confirmed chemically were studied. Results: In this study 200 women with vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of their pregnancy were studied. All women with other causes of termination of pregnancy were in the range of 25-35 years of age.  The mean (± SD) of birth weight was 3025± 369 gram in babies of studied women. The mean (± SD) of gestational age at the end   of   pregnancy   was 272± 14 day in studied women. In women the pregnancy termination due to premature labor was 27%, followed by Placental abruption 11% and 16% patients had no complication. Spontaneous abortion in recent pregnancy, 23% had a major systemic disease and 12% Termination of pregnancy. Normal vaginal delivery was 30% and Caesarean section was 35% .Among 200 women, 170 ended the pregnancy successfully. Conclusions: Considering the results of present study and first trimester bleeding can be a predicting factor in terms of mother and infant consequences of pregnancy and it is necessary to increase the knowledge of pregnant women in this regard for closer care. Also, because the clinical interventions of attentive clinician has important role in not only the continuance of pregnancy but also reducing the fetal complications in these high risk pregnancies, precise management and planning by clinician is required.

Keywords: First trimester bleeding, Pregnancy outcome, Vaginal bleeding.