Association between urinary albumin excretion and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic men at Eastern India

Abstract

Abstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness in working-age individuals. The relationship between urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations with diabetic complications like development of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes has not been studied in a Eastern part of India. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 type 2 diabetic male patients aged between 40-70 years attending Medicine OPD, Endocrine OPD, or admitted in Medicine IPD, Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Ophthalmological examination like direct ophthalmoscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy with 20 D lens and slit lamp bimicroscopy with 90 D lens Laboratory investigations like FBS, PPBS, HbA1c and serum DHEAS concentration were done. Spot morning urine sample 5ml for routine and microscopic examination, for culture sensitivity and albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) were done. Serum DHEAS concentration was measured by taking 2 ml of blood from each patient and was measured by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Results: Serum DHEAS concentrations were lower in patients of microalbuminuric group (107.97 ± 6.68) compared to patients of normoalbuminuric group (125.74 ± 4.76). Serum DHEAS concentrations were also low in patients of macroalbuminuric group (89 ± 6.51) compared to patients in microalbuminuric and normoalbuminuric group. Among 100 patients of type 2 diabetes 45 patients (45%) were detected to have no/mild NPDR (non proliferative diabetic retinopathy), 31 patients (31%) were having moderate-severe NPDR and the rest 24 patients (24%) were having PDR (proliferative diabetic retinopathy). Conclusion: Our study provides insight for investigating effects of DHEA on the prevention of diabetic microangiopathy and macroangiopathy.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, microalbuminuria, diabetic retinopathy, urinary albumin excretion [UAE], serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations [DHEA]