Role of tobacco,betel quid and alcohol in the prognosis of oral malignancy

Authors

  • Pramanick Chandan Assistant Professor,General Surgery,JIMSH,Kolkata,India
  • Maitra Somnath Associate Professor,General Medicine,JIMSH,Kolkata,India

Keywords:

Alcohol, betel quid , tobacco ,OSR, DFS, Oral Malignancy

Abstract

Introduction:Malignancies of the oral cavity and oropharynx is the most common malignancy in Asia Males are affected much more commonly than the females.Most of the cancers are of squamous cell variety with other forms such as verrucous carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma etc.Tobacco in any form,betel quid and alcohol are considered to be the most important risk factors for oral malignancy.The probable mechanism may be the irreversible damage to the DNA(Deoxyribonucleic Acid) of the cells which are affected.The most important carcinogen is NNK and NNN in tobacco which affects the stem cells of the keratinocytes and leads to DNA adducts.Reactive oxygen species, methylating agents in betel quid cause DNA damage.Though alcohol is related to oral carcinoma, but association with smoking is more important rather than alcohol alone in some studies.aims and objectives: To assess the role of tobacco, betel quid and alcohol in oral carcinoma and its impact on OSR(Overall Survival Rate) and DFS(Disease Free Survival Rate).Materials and methods:This analytical, retrospective and prospective study was conducted in the Surgery and Oncology department.Some patents were diagnosed from Medicine department.Ethical clearance was taken and after taking  consent, patients were enrolled after taking into considerationthe inclusion and exclusion criteria. Retrospective and prospective analysis was done for 38 and 42 patients respectively, but as 11 patients were lost to follow up, the study was completed with 69 cases.Results: Tobacco consumption in all forms was associated with increased risk of death and longer the duration, the mortality rate also increased.Consumption of alcohol did not  show any prognostic value in this study.Betel quid chewing lead to increased risk of death and local and regional reccurence and with more duration of the addiction, the mortality also increased.Conclusion:Tobacco in all forms and addiction of betel quid chewing was associated with increased mortality and with longer duration the risk of death also increased.Alcohol did not have any prognostic effect.

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Published

2020-11-01

How to Cite

Chandan, P., & Somnath, M. (2020). Role of tobacco,betel quid and alcohol in the prognosis of oral malignancy. International Journal of Health and Clinical Research, 3(8), 127–133. Retrieved from https://ijhcr.com/index.php/ijhcr/article/view/309

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