A study of renal parameters and serum electrolytes level in newborns with birth asphyxia

Abstract

Aims: The present study was planned for evaluation of renal parameters and serum electrolytes level in newborns with birth asphyxia. Material and methods:This was a prospective case-control study conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children Hospital, New Delhi, India for1 year Total 160 Newborn out of which 80 were study group and 80 were control group were included for thestudy.Birth asphyxia was diagnosed by APGAR score and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was diagnosed by SARNAT staging.All the newborn were evaluated for renal parameters such as Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), SerumElectrolytes from blood sample and Urine sodium, Urine Potassium from urine sample. Results: Total 160 newborns out of which 80 were included in study group and 80 were included in control group. Out of 80 asphyxiated newborn 50(62.5%) were males and 30(37.5%) female. So there was higher incidence seen in the male babies. The BUNlevels were 28+8.98 in the asphyxiated newborns as compared to controls who had BUN level was 20.3+2.65 and it was statistically significant. BUN level was higher among cases as compared to control and it was statistically significant.The mean serum creatinine levels were 1.7+0.29 in case group and 1.12+0.4 in control and it was statistically significant difference between both the groups. Conclusion:Perinatal asphyxia is an important cause of neonatal renal failure. Monitoring of blood levels of urea, serum creatinine, serum calcium and urine output helps in the early diagnosis and management of renal failure in birth asphyxia. Serum electrolytes levels and renal parameters had a linear correlation with severity of birth asphyxia.

Keywords: Perinatal hypoxia, HIE, APGAR score, Serum electrolytes levels, Renal parameters.