A study to evaluate the shifting trend of antimicrobial resistance

Abstract

Introduction: Pus is an important clinical specimen received in Microbiology laboratory for aerobic culture and sensitivity. The pace of development of drug resistance in bacterial isolates far exceeds the rate of newer drug discoveries highlighting the importance of conducting periodic studies to determine their antibiogram.Aim:This study was conducted to evaluate the shifting trend of  antimicrobial resistance in various pus isolates.Materials and Methods: Pus samples from different departments of Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patnawere collected using aseptic technique for 6 months duration and were processed in the laboratory immediately using standard microbiological procedures. Identification of bacteria was carried out with motility testing, Gram staining and biochemical reactions. The antibiotic sensitivity testing of all isolates was performed by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method on Muller Hinton agar and interpreted as per CLSI guidelines. Results: Analysis of 119 pus samples showed 93.27% culture positivity (M:F=1.48:1.00) with Surgical wards(32.43%) being the major contributor. Pseudomonas(29.73%) was the most common organism followed by Staphylococcus aureus(22.52%).Gram positive cocci were susceptible to Linezolid(94.87%), Vancomycin(92.31%) and Imipenem(92.31%) whereas Gram negative bacilli were susceptible to Imipenem(87.10%), Piperacillin(61.29%) and Gentamicin(48.39%). Conclusion:The changing trends of antimicrobial susceptibility in bacterial isolates from paus can serve as a useful tool for physicians to start empirical treatment of patients at the earliest according to the geographical areas and emerging multi- resistant bacteria.

Keywords: Antibiogram, Imipenem, Pseudomonas, Pus, Staphylococcus aureus.