Association between different blood groups and blood hemoglobin levels of medical undergraduates: an analytical study
Keywords:
hemoglobin, Rhesus, ABO and Rh.Abstract
Background: Blood is a specialized connective tissue with complete and unchangeable identity. Although almost 400 blood grouping antigens have been reported, the ABO and Rh is recognized as the major clinically significant blood group antigens which are also known to vary from one population to another. This study therefore sought to study the frequency of these indices and hemoglobin concentration. Material and Methods:This cross-sectional analytical, laboratory based study for the association of ABO blood group, Rh factor and hemoglobin concentration in MBBS students was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Patna Medical College, Patna, Bihar, India from November 2018 to October 2019, after taking the approval of the protocol review committee and institutional ethics committee. A total of 200 students aged 16-25 years, were include in this study. The ABO and Rhesus blood grouping were done using the slide method and Hemoglobin concentration was estimated by Acid Haematin method. Results: Out of 200, 80 males and 120 females between the ages 16 and 25. The highest percentage of students are of Blood group O (36%), followed by A (34%), B (22%) respectively. The percentage of student having blood group AB are only 8%. There is no significant relationship between male and female students in their blood group. p-value = 0.200 which is greater than 0.05. There was no significant difference between Rhesus positive and Rhesus negative students with ABO blood group system p value is 0.77.This table shows that 56% female students are Rh positive and 4% female students are Rh negative. Conclusion: We conclude that individuals with blood group B are more prone to anaemia followed by blood group O, A and least is with blood group AB. Based on their blood groups, we can advice regular intake of diet rich in iron and vitamins or also their supplements to the individual who are more susceptible to anaemia.
Keywords: hemoglobin, Rhesus, ABO and Rh.