Mucoadhesive tablets of acetaminophen

Abstract

Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems have gained significant attention in pharmaceutical research due to their potential to enhance drug bioavailability, provide controlled drug release, and improve patient compliance. Acetaminophen, a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug, has limitations such as short half-life and hepatic first-pass metabolism, which can reduce its therapeutic efficacy. To overcome these challenges, the formulation of mucoadhesive buccal tablets has emerged as an effective alternative drug delivery approach. This review highlights various studies on the formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal tablets of acetaminophen, focusing on polymer selection, drug release kinetics, and bioadhesion strength. Key mucoadhesive polymers such as Carbopol, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC), Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (NaCMC), and Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) have been extensively studied for their role in enhancing mucoadhesion and sustaining drug release. Studies have demonstrated that combining these polymers results in improved adhesion, prolonged retention time, and controlled drug release, leading to enhanced therapeutic efficacy.Additionally, the incorporation of permeation enhancers like propylene glycol has shown significant improvement in drug absorption through the buccal mucosa. Advances in multi-layered tablets and pH-sensitive formulations have further optimized drug release profiles. In-vivo and in-vitro studies have validated the effectiveness of these formulations in achieving prolonged therapeutic action.Overall, mucoadhesive buccal tablets of acetaminophen offer a promising alternative to conventional oral administration, improving bioavailability and patient compliance. Future research should focus on clinical trials, optimization of polymer blends, and innovative formulation strategies to enhance therapeutic outcomes.